{"id":18199,"date":"2020-06-27T08:08:47","date_gmt":"2020-06-27T08:08:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/o-que-e-a-teoria-da-deterioracao-beta-mecanismo-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-07-24T10:05:20","modified_gmt":"2020-07-24T10:05:20","slug":"o-que-e-a-teoria-da-deterioracao-beta-mecanismo-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-a-teoria-da-deterioracao-beta-mecanismo-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 a teoria da deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta &#8211; Mecanismo &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">O decaimento beta \u00e9 governado pela intera\u00e7\u00e3o fraca.\u00a0Durante o decaimento beta, um dos dois quarks inferiores se transforma em um quark up emitindo um b\u00f3son W (carrega uma carga negativa).\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><strong>Decaimento beta<\/strong>\u00a0ou\u00a0<strong>decaimento\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u03b2<\/strong>\u00a0representa a desintegra\u00e7\u00e3o de um n\u00facleo parental para uma filha atrav\u00e9s da emiss\u00e3o da part\u00edcula beta.\u00a0Essa transi\u00e7\u00e3o (\u00a0<strong>\u03b2\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/strong><strong>\u00a0decaimento<\/strong>\u00a0) pode ser caracterizada como:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Beta-Decay-Beta-Radioactivity-definition.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-25037 lazy-loaded\" src=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Beta-Decay-Beta-Radioactivity-definition.png\" alt=\"Deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta - radioatividade beta - defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"388\" height=\"150\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Beta-Decay-Beta-Radioactivity-definition.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>O decaimento beta<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 governado pela\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-interactions-fundamental-forces\/weak-interaction-weak-force\/\">intera\u00e7\u00e3o fraca<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Durante um decaimento beta de dois para baixo\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/quarks\/\">quarks<\/a>\u00a0muda para um quark-se emitindo um W\u00a0<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0Higgs (transporta para longe uma carga negativa).\u00a0O W\u00a0<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0Higgs depois decai para uma\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/beta-particle\/\">part\u00edcula beta<\/a>\u00a0e um\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/antineutrino\/\">antineutrino<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Esse processo \u00e9 equivalente ao processo no qual um neutrino interage com um n\u00eautron.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/theory-of-beta-decay-weak-interaction.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-25042 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/theory-of-beta-decay-weak-interaction-1024x262.png\" alt=\"teoria do decaimento beta - intera\u00e7\u00e3o fraca\" width=\"1024\" height=\"262\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/theory-of-beta-decay-weak-interaction-1024x262.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Como pode ser visto na figura, a\u00a0<strong>intera\u00e7\u00e3o fraca<\/strong>\u00a0muda um sabor de quark para outro.\u00a0Observe que,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/the-standard-model\/\">o Modelo Padr\u00e3o<\/a>\u00a0conta seis sabores de quarks e seis sabores de leptons.\u00a0A\u00a0<strong>intera\u00e7\u00e3o fraca<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 o \u00fanico processo no qual um quark pode mudar para outro, ou um lepton para outro lepton (mudan\u00e7a de sabor).\u00a0Nem a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-interactions-fundamental-forces\/strong-interaction-strong-force\/\">forte intera\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a>\u00a0nem\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-interactions-fundamental-forces\/electromagnetic-interaction-electromagnetic-force\/\">eletromagn\u00e9tica<\/a>permitir mudan\u00e7a de sabor.\u00a0Este fato \u00e9 crucial em muitos decaimentos de part\u00edculas nucleares.\u00a0No processo de fus\u00e3o, que, por exemplo, alimenta o Sol, dois pr\u00f3tons interagem atrav\u00e9s da for\u00e7a fraca para formar um n\u00facleo de deut\u00e9rio, que reage ainda mais para gerar h\u00e9lio.\u00a0Sem a intera\u00e7\u00e3o fraca, o diproton decairia de volta para dois pr\u00f3tons n\u00e3o ligados a hidrog\u00eanio-1 atrav\u00e9s da emiss\u00e3o de pr\u00f3tons.\u00a0Como resultado, o sol n\u00e3o queimaria sem ele, pois a intera\u00e7\u00e3o fraca causa a transmuta\u00e7\u00e3o p -&gt; n.<\/p>\n<p>Ao contr\u00e1rio do\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/radioactive-decay\/alpha-decay-alpha-radioactivity\/\">decaimento alfa<\/a>\u00a0, nem a part\u00edcula beta nem seu neutrino associado existem dentro do n\u00facleo antes do decaimento beta, mas s\u00e3o criados no processo de decaimento.\u00a0Por esse processo, \u00e1tomos inst\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bobt\u00eam uma propor\u00e7\u00e3o mais est\u00e1vel de pr\u00f3tons e n\u00eautrons.\u00a0A probabilidade de decaimento de um nucl\u00eddeo devido a beta e outras formas de decaimento \u00e9 determinada por sua energia de liga\u00e7\u00e3o nuclear.\u00a0Para que a emiss\u00e3o de el\u00e9trons ou p\u00f3sitrons seja energeticamente poss\u00edvel, a libera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia (veja abaixo) ou o valor Q deve ser positivo.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-arrow\" data-anchor=\"References\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O decaimento beta \u00e9 governado pela intera\u00e7\u00e3o fraca.\u00a0Durante o decaimento beta, um dos dois quarks inferiores se transforma em um quark up emitindo um b\u00f3son W (carrega uma carga negativa).\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o Decaimento beta\u00a0ou\u00a0decaimento\u00a0\u03b2\u00a0representa a desintegra\u00e7\u00e3o de um n\u00facleo parental para uma filha atrav\u00e9s da emiss\u00e3o da part\u00edcula beta.\u00a0Essa transi\u00e7\u00e3o (\u00a0\u03b2\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0decaimento\u00a0) pode ser caracterizada como: &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 a teoria da deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta &#8211; Mecanismo &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-a-teoria-da-deterioracao-beta-mecanismo-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 a teoria da deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta &#8211; Mecanismo &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 a teoria da deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta - Mecanismo - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"O decaimento beta \u00e9 governado pela intera\u00e7\u00e3o fraca. 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