{"id":18196,"date":"2020-06-27T07:10:09","date_gmt":"2020-06-27T07:10:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/o-que-e-o-tipo-de-deterioracao-beta-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-07-24T10:04:44","modified_gmt":"2020-07-24T10:04:44","slug":"o-que-e-o-tipo-de-deterioracao-beta-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-tipo-de-deterioracao-beta-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 o tipo de deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">Tipo de deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta.\u00a0Decaimento beta ou decaimento \u03b2 representa a desintegra\u00e7\u00e3o de um n\u00facleo parental para uma filha atrav\u00e9s da emiss\u00e3o da part\u00edcula beta.\u00a0Existem as seguintes formas de decaimento beta.\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p>Existem as seguintes formas de decaimento beta:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Decaimento beta negativo &#8211; Decaimento de el\u00e9trons.\u00a0<\/strong>No decaimento de el\u00e9trons, um n\u00facleo rico em n\u00eautrons emite um el\u00e9tron de alta energia (\u03b2\u00a0<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>\u00a0part\u00edcula).\u00a0Os el\u00e9trons s\u00e3o carregados negativamente com part\u00edculas quase sem massa. Devido \u00e0 lei de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da carga el\u00e9trica, a carga nuclear deve aumentar em uma unidade.\u00a0Nesse caso, o processo pode ser representado por:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/negative-beta-decay-definition.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-25046 lazy-loaded\" src=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/negative-beta-decay-definition.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"370\" height=\"43\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/negative-beta-decay-definition.png\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Decaimento beta positivo &#8211; Decaimento de p\u00f3sitrons.\u00a0<\/strong>No decaimento de p\u00f3sitrons, um n\u00facleo rico em pr\u00f3tons emite um p\u00f3sitron (os p\u00f3sitrons s\u00e3o antipart\u00edculas de el\u00e9trons e t\u00eam a mesma massa que os el\u00e9trons, mas com carga el\u00e9trica positiva) e, assim, reduzem a carga nuclear em uma unidade.\u00a0Nesse caso, o processo pode ser representado por: Uma aniquila\u00e7\u00e3o ocorre quando um p\u00f3sitron de baixa energia colide com um el\u00e9tron de baixa energia.<a href=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/positive-beta-decay-definition.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-25048 lazy-loaded\" src=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/positive-beta-decay-definition.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"49\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/positive-beta-decay-definition.png\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Decaimento Beta Inverso &#8211; Captura de El\u00e9trons\u00a0<\/strong><strong>.\u00a0A captura de el\u00e9trons<\/strong>\u00a0, tamb\u00e9m conhecida como decaimento beta inverso, \u00e0s vezes \u00e9 inclu\u00edda como um tipo de decaimento beta, porque o processo nuclear b\u00e1sico, mediado pela intera\u00e7\u00e3o fraca, \u00e9 o mesmo.\u00a0Nesse processo, um n\u00facleo rico em pr\u00f3tons tamb\u00e9m pode reduzir sua carga nuclear em uma unidade absorvendo um el\u00e9tron at\u00f4mico.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/electron-capture-definition.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-25047 lazy-loaded\" src=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/electron-capture-definition.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"277\" height=\"42\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/electron-capture-definition.png\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A emiss\u00e3o de el\u00e9trons foi um dos primeiros fen\u00f4menos de decaimento observados.\u00a0O processo inverso,\u00a0<strong>captura de el\u00e9trons<\/strong>\u00a0, foi observado pela primeira vez por Luis Alvarez, em van\u00e1dio 48. Ele o relatou em um artigo de 1937 na Physical Review.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_12115\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-12115\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/uranium-238-decay.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12121 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/uranium-238-decay-300x174.png\" alt=\"Deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o de ur\u00e2nio 238.\" width=\"300\" height=\"174\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/uranium-238-decay-300x174.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-12115\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cadeia de decaimento de ur\u00e2nio 238 compreende decaimentos alfa e beta.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Em um\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-reactor\/\">reator nuclear,<\/a>\u00a0ocorre especialmente o decaimento \u03b2, porque a caracter\u00edstica comum dos\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/fission\/fission-fragments\/\">produtos de fiss\u00e3o<\/a>\u00a0\u00e9 um excesso de n\u00eautrons (consulte\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/nuclear-stability\/\">Estabilidade nuclear<\/a>\u00a0).\u00a0Um fragmento de fiss\u00e3o inst\u00e1vel com excesso de\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/neutron\/\">n\u00eautrons<\/a>\u00a0sofre \u03b2-decaimento, onde o n\u00eautron \u00e9 convertido em pr\u00f3ton, el\u00e9tron e\u00a0<strong>antineutrino<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Um\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/neutron\/free-neutron\/\">n\u00eautron livre<\/a>\u00a0tamb\u00e9m sofre esse tipo de decaimento.\u00a0Um n\u00eautron livre decair\u00e1 com uma meia-vida de\u00a0<strong>cerca de 611 segundos<\/strong>\u00a0(10,3 minutos) em um pr\u00f3ton, um el\u00e9tron e um antineutrino (a\u00a0contraparte do\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/neutrino\/\">neutrino em\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/what-is-antimatter\/\">antimat\u00e9ria<\/a>\u00a0, uma part\u00edcula sem carga e com pouca ou nenhuma massa).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-arrow\" data-anchor=\"References\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tipo de deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta.\u00a0Decaimento beta ou decaimento \u03b2 representa a desintegra\u00e7\u00e3o de um n\u00facleo parental para uma filha atrav\u00e9s da emiss\u00e3o da part\u00edcula beta.\u00a0Existem as seguintes formas de decaimento beta.\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o Existem as seguintes formas de decaimento beta: Decaimento beta negativo &#8211; Decaimento de el\u00e9trons.\u00a0No decaimento de el\u00e9trons, um n\u00facleo rico em n\u00eautrons emite &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 o tipo de deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-tipo-de-deterioracao-beta-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 o tipo de deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 o tipo de deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tipo de deteriora\u00e7\u00e3o beta. 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