{"id":17653,"date":"2020-06-16T19:40:09","date_gmt":"2020-06-16T19:40:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/o-que-e-banda-de-conducao-e-valencia-em-semicondutores-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-07-21T15:26:23","modified_gmt":"2020-07-21T15:26:23","slug":"o-que-e-banda-de-conducao-e-valencia-em-semicondutores-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-banda-de-conducao-e-valencia-em-semicondutores-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o e val\u00eancia em semicondutores &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">Na f\u00edsica do estado s\u00f3lido, a banda de val\u00eancia e a banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o as bandas mais pr\u00f3ximas do n\u00edvel de Fermi e, assim, determinam a condutividade el\u00e9trica do semicondutor.\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p>Para entender a diferen\u00e7a entre\u00a0<strong>metais<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<strong>semicondutores<\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<strong>isoladores el\u00e9tricos<\/strong>\u00a0, precisamos definir os seguintes termos da f\u00edsica do estado s\u00f3lido:<\/p>\n<h2><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Valence-Band-Conduction-Band-Band-Gap.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright wp-image-26111 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Valence-Band-Conduction-Band-Band-Gap.png\" alt=\"Faixa de Valence - Banda de Condu\u00e7\u00e3o - Lacuna da Banda\" width=\"469\" height=\"324\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Valence-Band-Conduction-Band-Band-Gap.png\" \/><\/a><\/strong>Valence Band<\/h2>\n<p>Na f\u00edsica do estado s\u00f3lido, a\u00a0<strong>banda de val\u00eancia<\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<strong>a banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o as bandas mais pr\u00f3ximas do\u00a0<strong>n\u00edvel de Fermi<\/strong>\u00a0e, assim, determinam a condutividade el\u00e9trica do s\u00f3lido.\u00a0Nos isoladores e semicondutores el\u00e9tricos, a banda de val\u00eancia \u00e9 a faixa mais alta de energias eletr\u00f4nicas na qual os el\u00e9trons est\u00e3o normalmente presentes na temperatura zero absoluta.\u00a0Por exemplo, um\u00a0\u00e1tomo de\u00a0<strong>sil\u00edcio<\/strong>\u00a0possui quatorze el\u00e9trons.\u00a0No estado fundamental, eles s\u00e3o organizados na configura\u00e7\u00e3o eletr\u00f4nica\u00a0<strong>[Ne] 3s\u00a0<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a03p\u00a0<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Destes,\u00a0<strong>quatro s\u00e3o el\u00e9trons de val\u00eancia<\/strong>, ocupando o orbital 3s e dois dos orbitais 3p.\u00a0A distin\u00e7\u00e3o entre as bandas de val\u00eancia e condu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 sem sentido nos metais, porque a condu\u00e7\u00e3o ocorre em uma ou mais bandas parcialmente cheias que assumem as propriedades das bandas de val\u00eancia e condu\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<h2>Banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n<p>Na f\u00edsica do estado s\u00f3lido, a banda de val\u00eancia e a banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o as bandas mais pr\u00f3ximas do n\u00edvel de Fermi e, assim, determinam a condutividade el\u00e9trica do s\u00f3lido.\u00a0Em isoladores el\u00e9tricos e semicondutores, a\u00a0<strong>banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 a faixa mais baixa de\u00a0<strong>estados eletr\u00f4nicos vazios<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Em um gr\u00e1fico da estrutura da banda eletr\u00f4nica de um material, a banda de val\u00eancia est\u00e1 localizada abaixo do n\u00edvel de Fermi, enquanto a\u00a0<strong>banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0est\u00e1 localizada acima dela.\u00a0Nos semicondutores, os\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/what-is-electron-properties-of-electron\/\">el\u00e9trons<\/a>\u00a0podem atingir a banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o quando s\u00e3o\u00a0<strong>excitados<\/strong>\u00a0, por exemplo, por\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/radiation\/ionizing-radiation\/\">radia\u00e7\u00e3o ionizante<\/a>\u00a0(ou seja, devem obter energia maior que o\u00a0<strong><sub>intervalo<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0E<\/strong>)\u00a0Por exemplo, o diamante \u00e9 um semicondutor de banda larga (\u00a0<sub>gap\u00a0<\/sub>\u00a0E\u00a0= 5,47 eV) com alto potencial como material de dispositivo eletr\u00f4nico em muitos dispositivos.\u00a0Por outro lado, o germ\u00e2nio possui uma pequena energia de gap de banda (\u00a0<sub>gap<\/sub>\u00a0E\u00a0= 0,67 eV), que requer a opera\u00e7\u00e3o do detector em temperaturas criog\u00eanicas.\u00a0A distin\u00e7\u00e3o entre as bandas de val\u00eancia e de condu\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o tem sentido nos metais, porque a condu\u00e7\u00e3o ocorre em uma ou mais bandas parcialmente cheias que assumem as propriedades das bandas de val\u00eancia e de condu\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-arrow\" data-anchor=\"References\"><\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Na f\u00edsica do estado s\u00f3lido, a banda de val\u00eancia e a banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o as bandas mais pr\u00f3ximas do n\u00edvel de Fermi e, assim, determinam a condutividade el\u00e9trica do semicondutor.\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o Para entender a diferen\u00e7a entre\u00a0metais\u00a0,\u00a0semicondutores\u00a0e\u00a0isoladores el\u00e9tricos\u00a0, precisamos definir os seguintes termos da f\u00edsica do estado s\u00f3lido: Valence Band Na f\u00edsica do estado &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o e val\u00eancia em semicondutores &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-banda-de-conducao-e-valencia-em-semicondutores-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o e val\u00eancia em semicondutores &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o e val\u00eancia em semicondutores - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Na f\u00edsica do estado s\u00f3lido, a banda de val\u00eancia e a banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o as bandas mais pr\u00f3ximas do n\u00edvel de Fermi e, assim, determinam a condutividade el\u00e9trica do semicondutor. 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