{"id":17589,"date":"2020-06-15T22:29:23","date_gmt":"2020-06-15T22:29:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/qual-e-a-vantagem-e-a-desvantagem-dos-detectores-de-germanio-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-07-21T11:48:31","modified_gmt":"2020-07-21T11:48:31","slug":"qual-e-a-vantagem-e-a-desvantagem-dos-detectores-de-germanio-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/qual-e-a-vantagem-e-a-desvantagem-dos-detectores-de-germanio-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"Qual \u00e9 a vantagem e a desvantagem dos detectores de germ\u00e2nio &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">Vantagens e desvantagens dos detectores de germ\u00e2nio.\u00a0Os detectores de germ\u00e2nio t\u00eam uma resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de energia muito boa, mas devem operar a temperaturas muito baixas de nitrog\u00eanio l\u00edquido.\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2>Detectores de semicondutores \u00e0 base de germ\u00e2nio<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_26112\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26112\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/HPGe-Detector-Germanium.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-26112 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/HPGe-Detector-Germanium-300x204.png\" alt=\"Detector HPGe - Germ\u00e2nio\" width=\"300\" height=\"204\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/HPGe-Detector-Germanium-300x204.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-26112\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Detector HPGe com criostato LN2 Fonte: canberra.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Os detectores de semicondutores \u00e0 base de germ\u00e2nio<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o mais comumente usados \u200b\u200bonde\u00a0\u00e9 necess\u00e1ria uma\u00a0<strong>resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de energia muito boa<\/strong>\u00a0, especialmente para\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/gamma-spectroscopy\/\"><strong>espectroscopia gama<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0, bem como espectroscopia de raios-x.<\/p>\n<h2>Vantagens e desvantagens dos detectores de germ\u00e2nio<\/h2>\n<h3>Vantagens dos detectores de germ\u00e2nio<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Maior n\u00famero at\u00f4mico.\u00a0<\/strong>O germ\u00e2nio \u00e9 preferido devido ao seu\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/atomic-nuclear-structure\/atomic-number-proton-number\/\">n\u00famero at\u00f4mico<\/a>\u00a0ser muito maior que o sil\u00edcio e aumentar a probabilidade de intera\u00e7\u00e3o de raios gama.<\/li>\n<li>O germ\u00e2nio possui energia m\u00e9dia mais baixa necess\u00e1ria para criar um par de el\u00e9trons-orif\u00edcios, que \u00e9 3,6 eV para sil\u00edcio e 2,9 eV para germ\u00e2nio.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Muito boa resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de energia<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0O FWHM para detectores de germ\u00e2nio \u00e9 uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o da energia.\u00a0Para um f\u00f3ton de 1,3 MeV, o FWHM \u00e9 de 2,1 keV, o que \u00e9 muito baixo.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grandes cristais<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Enquanto os detectores \u00e0 base de sil\u00edcio n\u00e3o podem ser mais espessos que alguns mil\u00edmetros, o germ\u00e2nio pode ter uma espessura sens\u00edvel e esgotada de cent\u00edmetros e, portanto, pode ser usado como um\u00a0<strong>detector de absor\u00e7\u00e3o total<\/strong>\u00a0para raios gama de at\u00e9 poucos MeV.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Desvantagens dos detectores de germ\u00e2nio<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Arrefecimento<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Para obter a m\u00e1xima efici\u00eancia, os detectores devem operar em temperaturas muito baixas de nitrog\u00eanio l\u00edquido (-196 \u00b0 C), porque em temperatura ambiente o ru\u00eddo causado pela excita\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica \u00e9 muito alto.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pre\u00e7o<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0A desvantagem \u00e9 que os detectores de germ\u00e2nio s\u00e3o muito mais caros que as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/gaseous-ionization-detector\/ionization-chamber-ion-chamber\/\">c\u00e2maras de ioniza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a>\u00a0ou\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/scintillation-counter-scintillation-detector\/\">contadores de cintila\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a>\u00a0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-arrow\" data-anchor=\"References\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vantagens e desvantagens dos detectores de germ\u00e2nio.\u00a0Os detectores de germ\u00e2nio t\u00eam uma resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de energia muito boa, mas devem operar a temperaturas muito baixas de nitrog\u00eanio l\u00edquido.\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o Detectores de semicondutores \u00e0 base de germ\u00e2nio Detector HPGe com criostato LN2 Fonte: canberra.com Os detectores de semicondutores \u00e0 base de germ\u00e2nio\u00a0s\u00e3o mais comumente usados \u200b\u200bonde\u00a0\u00e9 &#8230; <a title=\"Qual \u00e9 a vantagem e a desvantagem dos detectores de germ\u00e2nio &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/qual-e-a-vantagem-e-a-desvantagem-dos-detectores-de-germanio-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on Qual \u00e9 a vantagem e a desvantagem dos detectores de germ\u00e2nio &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Qual \u00e9 a vantagem e a desvantagem dos detectores de germ\u00e2nio - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vantagens e desvantagens dos detectores de germ\u00e2nio. 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