{"id":17549,"date":"2020-06-15T01:12:37","date_gmt":"2020-06-15T01:12:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/o-que-e-vantagem-e-desvantagem-dos-detectores-hpge-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-07-21T10:54:38","modified_gmt":"2020-07-21T10:54:38","slug":"o-que-e-vantagem-e-desvantagem-dos-detectores-hpge-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-vantagem-e-desvantagem-dos-detectores-hpge-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 vantagem e desvantagem dos detectores HPGe &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">A principal vantagem dos detectores HPGe \u00e9 sua muito boa resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de energia.\u00a0A principal desvantagem \u00e9 que eles devem ser resfriados a temperaturas de nitrog\u00eanio l\u00edquido.\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_26112\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26112\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/HPGe-Detector-Germanium.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-26112 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/HPGe-Detector-Germanium-300x204.png\" alt=\"Detector HPGe - Germ\u00e2nio\" width=\"300\" height=\"204\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/HPGe-Detector-Germanium-300x204.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-26112\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Detector HPGe com criostato LN2 Fonte: canberra.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Detectores de germ\u00e2nio de alta pureza<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00a0<strong>detectores\u00a0<\/strong><strong>HPGe<\/strong>\u00a0) s\u00e3o a melhor solu\u00e7\u00e3o para\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/gamma-spectroscopy\/\">espectroscopia<\/a>\u00a0precisa de\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/gamma-spectroscopy\/\">raios gama e raios-x<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com os\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/semiconductor-detectors\/silicon-based-semiconductor-detectors\/\">detectores de sil\u00edcio<\/a>\u00a0, o\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/semiconductor-detectors\/types-of-semiconductors\/germanium-as-semiconductor-properties\/\">germ\u00e2nio<\/a>\u00a0\u00e9 muito mais eficiente do que o\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/semiconductor-detectors\/types-of-semiconductors\/silicon-as-semiconductor-properties\/\">sil\u00edcio<\/a>\u00a0para a detec\u00e7\u00e3o de radia\u00e7\u00e3o devido ao seu n\u00famero at\u00f4mico ser muito maior que o sil\u00edcio e \u00e0 menor energia m\u00e9dia necess\u00e1ria para criar um\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/semiconductor-detectors\/what-are-semiconductors-properties-of-semiconductors\/electron-hole-pair\/\">par de el\u00e9trons-orif\u00edcios<\/a>\u00a0, que \u00e9 3,6 eV para sil\u00edcio e 2,9 eV para germ\u00e2nio.\u00a0Devido ao seu n\u00famero at\u00f4mico mais alto, o\u00a0<strong>Ge<\/strong>\u00a0possui um coeficiente de atenua\u00e7\u00e3o linear muito maior, o que leva a um caminho livre m\u00e9dio mais curto.\u00a0Al\u00e9m disso, os detectores de sil\u00edcio n\u00e3o podem ser mais grossos do que alguns mil\u00edmetros, enquanto o germ\u00e2nio pode ter um esgotamento,<strong>espessura sens\u00edvel de cent\u00edmetros<\/strong>\u00a0e, portanto, pode ser usado como um detector de absor\u00e7\u00e3o total para raios gama de at\u00e9 poucos MeV.<\/p>\n<h2>Vantagens e desvantagens dos detectores HPGe<\/h2>\n<h3>Vantagens dos detectores HPGe<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Maior n\u00famero at\u00f4mico.\u00a0<\/strong>O germ\u00e2nio \u00e9 preferido devido ao seu\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/atomic-nuclear-structure\/atomic-number-proton-number\/\">n\u00famero at\u00f4mico<\/a>\u00a0ser muito maior que o sil\u00edcio e aumentar a probabilidade de intera\u00e7\u00e3o com raios gama.<\/li>\n<li>O germ\u00e2nio possui uma energia m\u00e9dia mais baixa necess\u00e1ria para criar um par de el\u00e9trons-orif\u00edcios, que \u00e9 3,6 eV para sil\u00edcio e 2,9 eV para germ\u00e2nio.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Muito boa resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de energia<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0O FWHM para detectores de germ\u00e2nio \u00e9 uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o da energia.\u00a0Para um f\u00f3ton de 1,3 MeV, o FWHM \u00e9 de 2,1 keV, o que \u00e9 muito baixo.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grandes cristais<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Enquanto os detectores \u00e0 base de sil\u00edcio n\u00e3o podem ser mais grossos do que alguns mil\u00edmetros, o germ\u00e2nio pode ter uma espessura sens\u00edvel e esgotada de cent\u00edmetros e, portanto, pode ser usado como um\u00a0<strong>detector de absor\u00e7\u00e3o total<\/strong>\u00a0para raios gama de at\u00e9 poucos MeV.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Desvantagens dos detectores HPGe<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Arrefecimento<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0A principal desvantagem dos detectores HPGe \u00e9 que eles devem ser resfriados a temperaturas de nitrog\u00eanio l\u00edquido.\u00a0Como o germ\u00e2nio possui um\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/semiconductor-detectors\/what-are-semiconductors-properties-of-semiconductors\/band-gap-energy-gap\/\">intervalo de banda<\/a>\u00a0relativamente baixo\u00a0, esses detectores devem ser resfriados para reduzir a gera\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica de\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/semiconductor-detectors\/types-of-semiconductors\/majority-and-minority-carriers-in-semiconductors\/\">portadores<\/a>\u00a0de\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/semiconductor-detectors\/types-of-semiconductors\/majority-and-minority-carriers-in-semiconductors\/\">carga<\/a>\u00a0para um n\u00edvel aceit\u00e1vel.\u00a0Caso contr\u00e1rio, o ru\u00eddo induzido pela corrente de fuga destr\u00f3i a resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de energia do detector.\u00a0Lembre-se, a diferen\u00e7a de banda (uma dist\u00e2ncia entre a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/semiconductor-detectors\/what-are-semiconductors-properties-of-semiconductors\/conduction-and-valence-band-in-semiconductors\/\">val\u00eancia e a banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a>\u00a0) \u00e9 muito baixa para o germ\u00e2nio (Egap = 0,67 eV).\u00a0O resfriamento at\u00e9 a temperatura do nitrog\u00eanio l\u00edquido (-195,8 \u00b0 C; -320 \u00b0 F) reduz as excita\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00e9rmicas dos el\u00e9trons de val\u00eancia, de modo que apenas uma intera\u00e7\u00e3o de raios gama pode fornecer ao el\u00e9tron a energia necess\u00e1ria para atravessar o intervalo da banda e alcan\u00e7ar a banda de condu\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pre\u00e7o<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0A desvantagem \u00e9 que os detectores de germ\u00e2nio s\u00e3o muito mais caros que as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/gaseous-ionization-detector\/ionization-chamber-ion-chamber\/\">c\u00e2maras de ioniza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a>\u00a0ou\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/scintillation-counter-scintillation-detector\/\">contadores de cintila\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a>\u00a0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-arrow\" data-anchor=\"References\"><\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A principal vantagem dos detectores HPGe \u00e9 sua muito boa resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de energia.\u00a0A principal desvantagem \u00e9 que eles devem ser resfriados a temperaturas de nitrog\u00eanio l\u00edquido.\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o Detector HPGe com criostato LN2 Fonte: canberra.com Detectores de germ\u00e2nio de alta pureza\u00a0(\u00a0detectores\u00a0HPGe\u00a0) s\u00e3o a melhor solu\u00e7\u00e3o para\u00a0espectroscopia\u00a0precisa de\u00a0raios gama e raios-x\u00a0.\u00a0Em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com os\u00a0detectores de sil\u00edcio\u00a0, &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 vantagem e desvantagem dos detectores HPGe &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-vantagem-e-desvantagem-dos-detectores-hpge-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 vantagem e desvantagem dos detectores HPGe &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 vantagem e desvantagem dos detectores HPGe - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A principal vantagem dos detectores HPGe \u00e9 sua muito boa resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de energia. 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