{"id":17506,"date":"2020-06-14T18:23:43","date_gmt":"2020-06-14T18:23:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/o-que-e-calorimetro-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-07-21T10:38:12","modified_gmt":"2020-07-21T10:38:12","slug":"o-que-e-calorimetro-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-calorimetro-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 calor\u00edmetro &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">Na f\u00edsica de part\u00edculas, um calor\u00edmetro \u00e9 um dispositivo experimental que mede a energia que uma part\u00edcula perde \u00e0 medida que passa.\u00a0Calor\u00edmetros eletromagn\u00e9ticos e calor\u00edmetros hadr\u00f4nicos.\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p>Na f\u00edsica de part\u00edculas, um\u00a0<strong>calor\u00edmetro<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 um dispositivo experimental que mede a energia que uma part\u00edcula perde \u00e0 medida que passa.\u00a0<strong>Calor\u00edmetros<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o blocos de material instrumentado nos quais as part\u00edculas a serem medidas s\u00e3o\u00a0<strong>totalmente absorvidas<\/strong>\u00a0e sua energia transformada em uma quantidade mensur\u00e1vel.\u00a0Um sinal detectado por um calor\u00edmetro \u00e9 proporcional \u00e0 energia depositada.\u00a0A maioria das part\u00edculas entra no calor\u00edmetro e inicia um banho de part\u00edculas e a energia das part\u00edculas \u00e9 depositada no calor\u00edmetro, coletada e medida.\u00a0A intera\u00e7\u00e3o da part\u00edcula incidente com o detector pode ser via intera\u00e7\u00e3o eletromagn\u00e9tica ou atrav\u00e9s de processos fortes.\u00a0Portanto, os calor\u00edmetros podem ser amplamente divididos em:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Os calor\u00edmetros eletromagn\u00e9ticos<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o usados \u200b\u200bpara medir a energia de el\u00e9trons e f\u00f3tons \u00e0 medida que eles interagem (por exemplo\u00a0,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/beta-particle\/bremsstrahlung-2\/\">bremsstrahlung<\/a>\u00a0,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/interaction-radiation-matter\/interaction-gamma-radiation-matter\/pair-production\/\">produ\u00e7\u00e3o de pares<\/a>\u00a0) com as part\u00edculas eletricamente carregadas na mat\u00e9ria.\u00a0Um chuveiro eletromagn\u00e9tico come\u00e7a quando um el\u00e9tron, p\u00f3sitron ou f\u00f3ton de alta energia entra em um material.\u00a0Em altas energias (acima de alguns MeV, abaixo dos quais o efeito fotoel\u00e9trico e o espalhamento de Compton s\u00e3o dominantes), os f\u00f3tons interagem com a mat\u00e9ria principalmente via produ\u00e7\u00e3o de pares &#8211; ou seja, eles se convertem em um par el\u00e9tron-p\u00f3sitron, interagindo com um n\u00facleo at\u00f4mico ou el\u00e9tron para para conservar o momento.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Os calor\u00edmetros hadr\u00f4nicos<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o usados \u200b\u200bpara medir principalmente os h\u00e1drons atrav\u00e9s de suas\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-interactions-fundamental-forces\/electromagnetic-interaction-electromagnetic-force\/\">intera\u00e7\u00f5es\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-interactions-fundamental-forces\/strong-interaction-strong-force\/\">fortes<\/a>\u00a0e\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-interactions-fundamental-forces\/electromagnetic-interaction-electromagnetic-force\/\">eletromagn\u00e9ticas<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Da mesma forma que nos chuveiros eletromagn\u00e9ticos, os h\u00e1drons podem depositar energia na mat\u00e9ria atrav\u00e9s de uma s\u00e9rie de intera\u00e7\u00f5es sucessivas.\u00a0O processo f\u00edsico que causa a propaga\u00e7\u00e3o de um\u00a0chuveiro de\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/hadrons\/\">hadron<\/a>\u00a0\u00e9 consideravelmente diferente dos processos nos chuveiros eletromagn\u00e9ticos.\u00a0Hadrons s\u00e3o relativamente grandes e n\u00e3o podem irradiar muita energia atrav\u00e9s de bremsstrahlung; eles perdem sua energia principalmente atrav\u00e9s de m\u00faltiplas colis\u00f5es nucleares.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Os grandes calor\u00edmetros foram desenvolvidos no in\u00edcio dos anos 60, especialmente para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es em experimentos com raios c\u00f3smicos de alta energia, e tornaram-se ferramentas extremamente importantes para medir as energias das part\u00edculas produzidas em grandes aceleradores.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-arrow\" data-anchor=\"References\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Na f\u00edsica de part\u00edculas, um calor\u00edmetro \u00e9 um dispositivo experimental que mede a energia que uma part\u00edcula perde \u00e0 medida que passa.\u00a0Calor\u00edmetros eletromagn\u00e9ticos e calor\u00edmetros hadr\u00f4nicos.\u00a0Dosimetria de Radia\u00e7\u00e3o Na f\u00edsica de part\u00edculas, um\u00a0calor\u00edmetro\u00a0\u00e9 um dispositivo experimental que mede a energia que uma part\u00edcula perde \u00e0 medida que passa.\u00a0Calor\u00edmetros\u00a0s\u00e3o blocos de material instrumentado nos quais as &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 calor\u00edmetro &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-calorimetro-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 calor\u00edmetro &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 calor\u00edmetro - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Na f\u00edsica de part\u00edculas, um calor\u00edmetro \u00e9 um dispositivo experimental que mede a energia que uma part\u00edcula perde \u00e0 medida que passa. 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