{"id":17421,"date":"2020-06-13T07:55:51","date_gmt":"2020-06-13T07:55:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/o-que-e-um-medidor-portatil-de-pesquisa-gamma-survey-meter-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-07-20T11:20:04","modified_gmt":"2020-07-20T11:20:04","slug":"o-que-e-um-medidor-portatil-de-pesquisa-gamma-survey-meter-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-um-medidor-portatil-de-pesquisa-gamma-survey-meter-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 um Medidor Port\u00e1til de Pesquisa &#8211; Gamma Survey Meter &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">Os medidores port\u00e1teis de pesquisa s\u00e3o detectores de radia\u00e7\u00e3o usados \u200b\u200bpor t\u00e9cnicos em radiologia para medir a taxa de dose ambiente.\u00a0Esses instrumentos port\u00e1teis geralmente possuem medidores de taxa.\u00a0Medidores Port\u00e1teis de Pesquisa &#8211; Medidor de Pesquisa Gama<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><strong>Os medidores port\u00e1teis de pesquisa<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/detectors-of-ionization-radiation\/\">detectores de radia\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a>\u00a0usados \u200b\u200bpor t\u00e9cnicos em radiologia para medir\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-protection\/protection-from-exposures\/radiation-dose-measuring-and-monitoring-operational-quantities\/\">a taxa de dose ambiente<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Esses instrumentos port\u00e1teis geralmente possuem medidores de taxa.\u00a0Nas instala\u00e7\u00f5es nucleares, esses\u00a0<strong>medidores port\u00e1teis de inspe\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o normalmente usados \u200b\u200bpor t\u00e9cnicos de prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra radia\u00e7\u00e3o, respons\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bpor seguir as opera\u00e7\u00f5es em campo para ajudar a garantir que as pol\u00edticas de prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra radia\u00e7\u00e3o sejam executadas e que os trabalhos sejam implementados de acordo com o\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-protection\/protection-from-exposures\/alara\/alara-and-alarp-principle\/\">princ\u00edpio ALARA<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Suas responsabilidades incluem:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prestar assist\u00eancia e aconselhamento aos trabalhadores para motiv\u00e1-los a adotar um comportamento ALARA.<\/li>\n<li>Trabalhos a seguir para garantir o respeito aos procedimentos de seguran\u00e7a e prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra radia\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li>Em algumas f\u00e1bricas, interromper o trabalho em caso de desvio grave dos objetivos dosim\u00e9tricos ou quando h\u00e1 um risco radiol\u00f3gico significativamente crescente para os trabalhadores.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>O medidor t\u00edpico de pesquisa de radia\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9, por exemplo, o\u00a0<strong>RDS-31<\/strong>\u00a0, que \u00e9 um medidor de pesquisa de radia\u00e7\u00e3o multiuso que utiliza um\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/gaseous-ionization-detector\/geiger-counter-geiger-mueller-detector\/\">detector GM<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Possui sondas externas alfa, beta e gama opcionais.\u00a0Ele mede 3,9 x 2,6 x 1,3 polegadas e pode ser port\u00e1til ou usado pelo bolso, clipe para cinto ou bolsa.\u00a0Possui um display LCD de cinco d\u00edgitos com luz de fundo.\u00a0Os contadores Geiger operam em uma tens\u00e3o t\u00e3o alta que o tamanho do pulso de sa\u00edda \u00e9 sempre o mesmo, independentemente de quantos pares de \u00edons foram criados no detector.\u00a0Os contadores Geiger s\u00e3o usados \u200b\u200bprincipalmente para\u00a0<strong>instrumenta\u00e7\u00e3o port\u00e1til<\/strong>\u00a0devido \u00e0 sua sensibilidade, circuito simples de contagem e capacidade de detectar radia\u00e7\u00e3o de baixo n\u00edvel.\u00a0Embora o uso principal dos contadores Geiger seja provavelmente na detec\u00e7\u00e3o individual de part\u00edculas, eles tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o encontrados em<strong>medidores de pesquisa gama<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Eles s\u00e3o capazes de detectar quase todos os tipos de radia\u00e7\u00e3o, mas h\u00e1 pequenas diferen\u00e7as no\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/gaseous-ionization-detector\/geiger-counter-geiger-mueller-detector\/geiger-muller-tube-geiger-chamber\/\">tubo Geiger-Mueller<\/a>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p>As\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-protection\/protection-from-exposures\/radiation-dose-measuring-and-monitoring-operational-quantities\/\">quantidades operacionais para a\u00a0<strong>\u00e1rea<\/strong>\u00a0e o\u00a0<strong>monitoramento individual<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0de exposi\u00e7\u00f5es externas s\u00e3o definidas pelo ICRP.\u00a0As quantidades operacionais para o\u00a0<strong>monitoramento da \u00e1rea<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-protection\/protection-from-exposures\/radiation-dose-measuring-and-monitoring-operational-quantities\/ambient-dose-equivalent\/\"><strong>Dose ambiente equivalente<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0, H * (10).\u00a0O equivalente \u00e0 dose ambiente \u00e9 uma quantidade operacional para o monitoramento da \u00e1rea de radia\u00e7\u00e3o fortemente penetrante.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-protection\/protection-from-exposures\/radiation-dose-measuring-and-monitoring-operational-quantities\/directional-dose-equivalent\/\"><strong>Dose direcional equivalente<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0, H &#8216;(d, \u03a9).\u00a0A dose direcional equivalente \u00e9 uma quantidade operacional para o monitoramento da \u00e1rea de radia\u00e7\u00e3o que penetra fracamente.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Veja tamb\u00e9m: Gerenciamento de trabalho para otimizar a prote\u00e7\u00e3o radiol\u00f3gica ocupacional em usinas nucleares.\u00a0AG\u00caNCIA DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR, OCDE 2009. ISBN 978-92-64-99089-0.<\/p>\n<p>Consulte tamb\u00e9m: Os dos\u00edmetros de radia\u00e7\u00e3o para o relat\u00f3rio de pesquisa de mercado de resposta e recupera\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Tecnologia de Seguran\u00e7a Urbana.\u00a0SAVER-T-MSR-4.\u00a0&lt;dispon\u00edvel em:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dhs.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/Radiation-Dosimeters-Response-Recovery-MSR_0616-508_0.pdf\">https:\/\/www.dhs.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/Radiation-Dosimeter-Response-Recovery-MSR_0616-508_0.pdf<\/a>\u00a0&gt;.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e2mara de ioniza\u00e7\u00e3o de alta press\u00e3o &#8211; Gamma Survey Meter<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/gaseous-ionization-detector\/ionization-chamber-ion-chamber\/\">As c\u00e2maras de \u00edon<\/a>\u00a0tamb\u00e9m podem ser usadas como o\u00a0<strong>medidor de medi\u00e7\u00e3o de emerg\u00eancia gama<\/strong>\u00a0, o medidor de medi\u00e7\u00e3o beta e o monitor de tr\u00edtio no ar.\u00a0Eles s\u00e3o muito \u00fateis para\u00a0<strong>altos n\u00edveis de\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/photon\/gamma-ray\/\">radia\u00e7\u00e3o gama<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Mas neste caso, existem algumas dificuldades.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/ionization-chamber-basic-principle.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-26132 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/ionization-chamber-basic-principle-202x300.png\" alt=\"c\u00e2mara de ioniza\u00e7\u00e3o - princ\u00edpio b\u00e1sico\" width=\"202\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/ionization-chamber-basic-principle-202x300.png\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/photon\/gamma-ray\/\">Os raios gama<\/a>\u00a0t\u00eam muito pouco problema em penetrar nas paredes met\u00e1licas da c\u00e2mara.\u00a0Portanto, c\u00e2maras de ioniza\u00e7\u00e3o podem ser usadas para detectar radia\u00e7\u00e3o gama e\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/radiation-detection\/detectors-of-ionization-radiation\/detection-of-x-rays-detector-of-x-rays\/\">raios-X<\/a>\u00a0conhecidos coletivamente como f\u00f3tons, e para isso o tubo sem janelas \u00e9 usado.\u00a0As c\u00e2maras de ioniza\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00eam uma boa resposta uniforme \u00e0 radia\u00e7\u00e3o em uma ampla gama de energias e s\u00e3o os meios preferidos para medir altos n\u00edveis de radia\u00e7\u00e3o gama.\u00a0Alguns problemas s\u00e3o causados \u200b\u200bpelo fato de que as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/alpha-particle\/\">part\u00edculas alfa<\/a>\u00a0s\u00e3o mais ionizantes que as part\u00edculas beta e os raios gama; portanto, mais corrente \u00e9 produzida na regi\u00e3o da c\u00e2mara de ioniza\u00e7\u00e3o por alfa do que beta e gama.\u00a0Os raios gama depositam uma quantidade significativamente menor de energia no detector do que outras part\u00edculas.<\/p>\n<p><span>A efici\u00eancia da c\u00e2mara pode ser aumentada ainda mais pelo uso de um\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>g\u00e1s de alta press\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Tipicamente, uma press\u00e3o de 8 a 10 atmosferas pode ser usada e v\u00e1rios gases nobres s\u00e3o empregados.\u00a0Por exemplo, as\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>c\u00e2maras de ioniza\u00e7\u00e3o de xen\u00f4nio de alta press\u00e3o (HPXe)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0s\u00e3o ideais para uso em ambientes n\u00e3o controlados, pois a resposta de um detector demonstrou ser uniforme em grandes faixas de temperatura (20\u2013170 \u00b0 C).\u00a0A press\u00e3o mais alta resulta em uma\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>maior densidade de g\u00e1s<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e, portanto, em uma maior chance de colis\u00e3o com a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de g\u00e1s de preenchimento e pares de \u00edons por radia\u00e7\u00e3o gama incidente.\u00a0Devido ao aumento da espessura da parede necess\u00e1ria para suportar essa alta press\u00e3o, apenas a radia\u00e7\u00e3o gama pode ser detectada.\u00a0Esses detectores s\u00e3o usados \u200b\u200bem\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>medidores de pesquisa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e para monitoramento ambiental.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Os medidores port\u00e1teis de pesquisa s\u00e3o detectores de radia\u00e7\u00e3o usados \u200b\u200bpor t\u00e9cnicos em radiologia para medir a taxa de dose ambiente.\u00a0Esses instrumentos port\u00e1teis geralmente possuem medidores de taxa.\u00a0Medidores Port\u00e1teis de Pesquisa &#8211; Medidor de Pesquisa Gama Os medidores port\u00e1teis de pesquisa\u00a0s\u00e3o\u00a0detectores de radia\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0usados \u200b\u200bpor t\u00e9cnicos em radiologia para medir\u00a0a taxa de dose ambiente\u00a0.\u00a0Esses instrumentos port\u00e1teis &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 um Medidor Port\u00e1til de Pesquisa &#8211; Gamma Survey Meter &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.radiation-dosimetry.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-um-medidor-portatil-de-pesquisa-gamma-survey-meter-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 um Medidor Port\u00e1til de Pesquisa &#8211; Gamma Survey Meter &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 um Medidor Port\u00e1til de Pesquisa - Gamma Survey Meter - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Os medidores port\u00e1teis de pesquisa s\u00e3o detectores de radia\u00e7\u00e3o usados por t\u00e9cnicos em radiologia para medir a taxa de dose ambiente. 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